Vertical vegetable gardens have become a popular and practical way to grow fresh produce in limited space.
These vibrant, space-saving structures are ideal for people who don’t have a big garden, whether that’s due to living in an apartment or in shared accommodation. They can not only maximise your harvest but can also transform a balcony, patio, or even an unused wall into a beautiful and productive focal point.
Choosing the right plants for vertical growth
The key to a thriving vertical vegetable garden lies in selecting plants that naturally lend themselves to climbing or cascading growth habits. Here are some top choices for the UK climate:
- Tomato plants: There are many varieties of compact, bush tomatoes plants perfect for containers. Opt for varieties that stop growing after reaching a certain height, making them ideal for vertical structures.
- Cucumbers: Train these vigorous climbers up a trellis or netting. Their long tendrils readily reach out for supports, and you’ll be rewarded with an abundance of delicious cucumbers throughout the summer.
- Beans: French beans and runner beans are excellent choices. Sow seeds directly at the base of the structure and allow them to climb upwards on netting or strings.
- Peas: Similar to beans, peas are another fantastic option that thrives with vertical support. Choose varieties like mangetout or sugar snap peas for an easy and rewarding harvest.
- Squash and melons: Certain varieties of squash and melons can be successfully grown vertically in large containers. Look for compact, bush-type varieties like pattypan squash or cantaloupes.
- Herbs: Don’t forget your herbs! Trailing varieties like thyme and oregano cascade beautifully down hanging planters, while upright herbs like rosemary and chives thrive in vertical containers.
Planning the layout and structure for maximum impact
Before building your vertical garden, consider the available space and sunlight. Most vegetables require at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Sketch out a plan for the layout, incorporating the types and sizes of plants you’ve chosen.
Here are some popular structures for vertical vegetable gardening:
- Trellises: These come in various materials like wood, metal, or plastic mesh. Freestanding trellises offer flexibility in placement, while wall-mounted versions make the most of vertical space on fences or walls.
- Hanging baskets and planters: Perfect for cascading plants like herbs, strawberries, or cherry tomatoes. Group planters of varying sizes and colours for a visually appealing display.
- Vertical pockets (also known as grow bags): These fabric pockets are attached to a frame and filled with potting mix. They’re ideal for leafy greens, herbs, or smaller vegetables.
- Upcycled containers: Get creative and repurpose old guttering, colanders, or even wellies as unique planters! Ensure proper drainage by drilling holes in the bottom.
Building the framework
The materials you use to build your vertical garden will depend on the chosen structure and your budget. Here are some general tips:
- Trellises: Choose a sturdy trellis made from weatherproof materials. Ensure it is tall enough to accommodate the full growth of your chosen plants.
- Hanging baskets: Select baskets with good drainage and strong hanging mechanisms. Consider self-watering baskets to minimise watering needs.
- Vertical pockets: Purchase a pre-made frame with pockets or build your own using wood and fabric. Ensure the fabric allows for good drainage.
Ensuring healthy growth and long-term sustainability
- Soil and drainage: Use a high-quality, lightweight potting mix specifically formulated for containers. Ensure all containers have adequate drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.
- Watering: Vertical gardens tend to dry out faster, especially in hot weather. Water regularly, but avoid overwatering. Opt for drip irrigation systems for larger setups.
- Feeding: Regularly feed your plants with a balanced fertiliser throughout the growing season.
- Support: As your plants grow, gently guide stems and tendrils to climb the trellis or netting.
